Onm-2: Obesity and Female Fertility

Background: Infertility & Obesity have often been linked among of reproductive age. Obesity results in an increased production of Estrogen and Androgen, these hormonal imbalances interfere with ovulation, which of course is the basis of successful conception. Obesity is a characteristic of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Obesity is linked to several health conditions, including cardiovascular disease, Hypertention, Diabetes. In obesity assessment it is necessary to pay attention toother disease such as thyroid dysfunctions, fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia before pregnancy. As well as request some blood test that is needed and refer to the related specialist if necessary. Women affected by obesity not only have problems with fertility but are also at a greater risk for pregnancy complications such as having Caesarean Section, giving birth to a large baby, Gestational Diabetes. There are many options available in treating obesity such as: Altering diet, Exercises regularly, Medication & different kind of surgical methods. Materials and Methods: We do our study on 172 subjects committed Nutrition Unit in Royan Institute during 6 months that divided in two groups 88 were PCOS & 84 NonPCOS. We measures BMI, Waist and Hip circumference. BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight (in Kg) by his or her height (in meters squared). Waist and Hip circomference by measuring the smallest circumference of the natural Waist, usually just above the belly button, and dividing by the hip circumferences at its widest part of the buttocks or hip. Also we requested for all patients (TSH, SGOT, SGPT, LDL, HDL, TG, and Cholestrol). Results: Totally all subjects had approximately 8 Kg weight loss indurations 6 month. (MAX: 3 Kg, MIN: 24 Kg). No significant difference in comparisons between the average of the Lab variants, Waist and BMI were seen between PCOS and nonPCOS group, but TSH (p=0.02) and history of hyperthyroidism (16.7% versus 2.3%) were so higher in nonPCOS group, on the whole 19% of Nutrition Clinic’s patients had a history of hypothyroidism that indicate our attention to thyroid dysfunction in obese patients. Also liver enzymes dysfunctions in PCOS group was 11.4% and in nonPCOS was 4.2% that in PCO group possibly it was because of fatty liver resulting from insulin resistance. Additionally Chol- LDL>130 mg/dl range in PCOS group was so higher (25% versus 14.6%). Conclusion: Studies have shown that modest weight loss can have a significant effect on women with PCOS, often resulting in a regular menstrual cycle and fertility. Ideally weight loss should be accomplished prior to a conception & pregnancy. It is believed that weight loss prior to pregnancy may significantly decrease maternal & fetal risks associated with pregnancy. Additionally study exhibits the important measurement of TSH, Liver function and Lipid profile tests in obese patients who referred to nutrition clinics.